Abstract expressionizm Postwar (Berlin 1940s and the 1950s respectively. XX.) Stage in the development of abstract art. The term in the 20th Messrs. introduced German art historian E. von Dr. (E. von Sydow) to designate certain aspects of the arts Gyvates. In 1929 Mr. Edward Barr (A. N. Wagg) applied to the characteristics of the early Kandinsky, and in 1947 named «абстрактно-экспресс��онистскими» the de Khunying and Polloka. Since then, the notion of abstract Expressionism strengthened for broad enough mature and technically diversified field abstract painting (and later and sculptures), which is a boom in the 1950s respectively. in the United States, Europe, and later in the world. Direct rise abstract Expressionism as early Savchenko, exprescionista, orfista, partly dadaista and surrealista with the mental automaticity. Философско-эстетичес��им rise abstract Expressionism largely been popular in the post-war period philosophy begin.

Abstract expressionizm continued begun Kandinsky and surrealistami "release" Art of any control of reason, logic laws, and, indeed, from the traditional laws of color, color syntax �вропейско-средиземно морской culture. Devizomabstraktnykh Gyvates the formula : the reversal of the rules, the release of formalism of the rule of the ruler and width, but primarily to the release of struyashchegosa colorful doctrinaire laws Forms (Carl Rurberg). The principle of creative artists abstract Expressionism was spontaneous, automatic Paint on canvas solely under the influence of subjective feelings and emotional states. Joy, anger, passion, fear, pain literally spill abstract exprescionistami flows paints on track. Driving from a wide range, from the traditional brush to paint causing only spatelem, spilling them from the tins, extrusion from liquid, spray from the spray gun, etc. The complex and emerging structure of color and form, and in colour (from black to a steep, embargo on the nerves went paints, without any parallel in nature or in the traditional painting). A great diversity and range of abstract works Gyvates from black symbolic characters Pierre Sulaja and meditative huge almost monochrome (with a barely visible tonovmi fluctoitiami) canvases Mark Rothko shocking to the eye and mind of the viewer Wild "for brightness, arts and fashion pictures Deus Karel Appel.

The main points emerging abstract Expressionism were Paris (such as Ecole de Pans) where, after the war, attracted a large number of artists from all over the world and the United States. Among the major pieces abstract Expressionism in Europe include Roger Bisskore, Ecole founder, Pierre Sulaja, Hans Gartunga, Nicholas De Stal (Nicolas de Staul), the group CAP (A. Ern (Asger Jorn), P. Alehinski, K. Appel). In this США- Arshil Gorki, William de Kuning, Adolf Gottlib, Barnett Neuman, Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko. Along with the "Cobra", the Participants often put their picture of the visible reality and is used kricaszczye bright colors and combinations (especially K. Appel) in the abstract expressionisme emit such areas as tashizm, painting action informel.

Since the mid-1950s respectively. abstract expressionizm a strong international movement in the arts, having captured almost all continents. Full freedom (from Kandinsky, it was limited by the intrinsic need, "that is, traditional aesthetic zveto-formo-obrazovania laws, beautiful syntax) of paint on canvas or treatment of plastic forms, declared exprescionizmom abstract, created countless followers of the areas flooded museums, galleries and homes of private citizens weighing their handicrafts.

Postwar abstraczionizm not directly connected with the tradition of geometric abstract (K. Malevich, P. Mondrian). Collection of grew on the basis of irrational basis surrealism. The sole function of art is the act that is the artist. Collection Jackson Poloka supported projection action. The most important Creativity : automaticity of a creative process, not the result. This method creativity seems simple, but also complex. By composition, the artist to write, nalivaet paint on the canvas. This work is very expressive and very lively. The main problem to solve these artists, the colors. The painting action in the United States continue to develop postjivopisnye abstract directions (hard-edge, color-field).

In Europe, a similar French tashizm or art informel. This branch evolved alongside the United States, affecting a wide range of artistic pursuits : International датско-бельгийско-гол ландские Group Sovga paintings, sculptures humanistic Jacometa Alberta.

"Collection Action

The American style was developed by the so-called "ordinary Paintings" Jackson Poloka, who thought the work itself, and the result is not important to have meaning only as a memory of the creative process, the remaining lines. Returning to pervobatnomu sinkretizmu, Polok transformed painting in the sacred dance artist. Polok hang fabric on a wall or deposited it on the floor, "committing" around a shamanic ritual, the artist, he said, "was painting inside." He has developed a technique called polucivshiu dripping, which was spraying paint from banks (French parallel, "tashizm-stained painting.) Art method Poloka received in England called "action painting." In 1952, at the exhibition in Paris of his paintings made great impression on the new spirit of the words critics. Many, however, challenged the patent technology Poloka, seeing something similar in images Hartunga 1922.

Another famous European representative "of the painting was Georges Mathieu closer teenagers equipment for a play. It held its sessions painting in the presence of the public, in front of which ispehral track zakoruckami, commas and periods. During his show, accompanied by music, it has been developed into a medieval costume. Mathieu acknowledged founder of "historical abstract painting" (another regular perl the sacrosanct interpretation. The painting was different from the simple painting historical themes they did not imagine, neither people nor costumes or accessories. " (Awagan TI) Historical it is because that critics Mathieu soblagovolili attribute it zakoruckam spot and the ability to mass popular movements, struggle for power dynasties, etc. This idea came into their head through the paintings ( "Battle Bouvine" "Capetian everywhere, etc.)

Creativity Poloka, Arshila Gorki, W. de Khunying, Mark Rodko, Georges Mathieu and was the most influential of abstract painting 40-50h years created in the United States, the so-called abstract expressionizm. The principle was his refusal to preliminary design plans and built form. He cultivated spontaneous style letter and free improvisation on the canvas. Overgrowing in Jan2003 art, "art of" becoming more expressed form. For example, the Street is the most common form of "art action." At the core is his unexpected action by artist, with the participation of the public present, while the dividing line between reality and artistic creation.

Another form of "art of the" Performance - is the performance of a pre-planned action by the assembled public. But unlike heppeniga it exists predetermined conditioned scenario. In addition to performanse not taken an active public participation and simply role of spectator.

Campaign-so lessons to be known as the "art of" surrogate artistic work gesture razagrannam submission or orchestrated event. Its roots "of the arts" goes to the first decade of the twentieth century, in futuristov creativity, and dadaistov surrealistov. Prosperity of art for 60 to 70 years. It is one of the leading ideas of modernism, the procedural nature of art. Arts Action kwintesenzia idea outstrips creative act on the result on the other hand it represents another tendency art 20th century, the desire to destroy the line between art and reality, mixing artistic gesture surrounded spontaneous processes processes of life.